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COP26 is just three few weeks away and there are many millions of people across the globe holding their breath with anticipation. Decisions made at this historical meeting have huge implications for the future of our planet, its inhabitants and of course future generations. In this blog we aim to understand the origins and purpose of the COP, along with how much throw governments really have. We also look at what part renewable energy has to play, as we put fossil fuels to bed and transition to clean energy for a secure and habitable earth.

WHAT IS THE COP?

The COP (Conference of the Parties) is a meeting held every five years and has been going since 1995. Global governments from 197 countries come together in front of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with an aim to make agreements and decisions on how to collectively resolve the challenge of the climate crisis.

26 years after the very first meeting, it’s now time to realise the promises made in the Paris agreement of 2015. This historical event was the very first time that every country in the world actively agreed to work towards maintaining the rising temperatures.

The COP brings every country under the spotlight, broadcasting and analysing emissions per country and per capita, whilst examining exactly what action is being taken to improve it. Or not.

Held in Glasgow, Scotland, COP26 is largely believed to be our last real chance to stop catastrophe.

The key target for all, is to keep global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, with a concerted effort to limit the temperature to 1.5 degrees. By doing so, humans could mitigate the very worst of climate change.

WHY IS THIS COP SO IMPORTANT?

Climate Change

Climate scientists and environmentalist wholly believe that should we fail to stop temperatures from increasing beyond 1.5 degrees. we enter irreversible territory of complete collapse. Although every region across the earth will be affected differently by climate change, there will be nowhere unaffected.

In 2021, the UNs Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) declared global warming as ‘code red for humanity’.

Right now, the statistics look pretty gloomy. In fact, if we continue along the same trajectory as we are currently, we are still looking at a 2.9C rise in average global temperatures by the turn of the century.

Looming environmental problems would include severe heatwaves and droughts, mass ice melting with rising sea levels, hugely decreased biodiversity and eco systems and inevitable crop failure and food shortages.

WHAT’S THE COP26 CONFERENCE AGENDA?

The COP26 conference is split into three broad parts.

The first is where key negotiations between all participating countries will take place, with experts interjecting and contributing to discussions.

The second includes a number of exhibitions and events for the 30,000 delegates to attend.

The third section comprises of talks, presentations and events across the city of Glasgow for the public to attend.

WHAT DECISIONS WILL BE MADE AT COP26?

To prevent crossing over the 1.5 degree global warming threshold, the COP26 hopes to stabilise and dramatically reduce all greenhouse gas emissions.

Whilst a net zero 2050 is the ultimate goal for most governments, climate scientists and environmentalists say we need direct action much sooner.

Governments have been focused on recovery from the COVID19 pandemic. Ironically, this has given us the unusual opportunity to stop in our tracks and to establish how to ‘build back better’ rather than continue towards self-destruct.

Whilst falling desperately short of the necessary targets already, it’s now become clear that matching previous goal setting isn’t enough. To really succeed, global communities must drive even harder towards decarbonisation.

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Every participating country is expected to take dramatic and urgent action, with private enterprise and individuals doing their bit too.

The main tasks ahead seem simple, but yet so difficult to achieve:

  • Coal must be phased out

  • Deforestation must end

  • Regeneration projects worldwide with billions of new trees planted

  • Electric and automated cars

  • More investment in renewable energy

  • Help for developing countries to stop reliance on fossil fuels

HOW DO THE UK FAIR IN CARBON EMISSIONS?

Compared to the top five emitting countries (China, America, India, Russia and Japan), the UK does pretty well. On the surface.

For example, whilst number 1 emitter, China contributes 28% of global emissions, the UK is responsible for 1.1%.

But just looking at a country’s total carbon emissions isn’t the full story.

For example, whilst the average Chinese person emits 4.58 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year, the average British person emits 9.66 tonnes. The average American uses 19.78 tonnes.

Of course, the population of each country must be taken into consideration too.

Although the UK’s seemingly small contribution to CO2 levels doesn’t seem too offensive, figures don’t include our huge imports from other countries – or the emissions that come along with that. Every mod con we enjoy from TVs, i-pads, pairs of jeans, garden sofas or a new bedspread, comes delivered with its own carbon footprint too.

When we consider that almost everything we buy is manufactured abroad, we suddenly don’t look so green. In our emissions statistics, there are no production based emissions (5.66 tonnes per person) or consumption emission statistics. If we did, we’d see a rise to more than 8.05 tonnes per person.

And that’s without talking about our love of foreign travel either.

Climate Awareness

As education about the climate crisis is becoming more mainstream in the high consuming west, we are seeing a slow drop in things like fast fashion and meat consumption.

However, whilst the UKs ‘per person’ emissions are beginning to gradually reduce, those in developing countries increase.

In the race for poorer nations to become more ‘westernised’ and enjoy all the benefits of a modern and convenient lifestyle, rates of emissions per capita are rapidly changing.

Those countries argue that, whilst richer countries have ridden on the wealth from the slave trade, invasion and industrialisation, they’re still playing catch up.

How is it fair that we should build our economy with no thought of environmental consequence, whilst they’re being stripped of their opportunity to grow as equal. They have a point.

Regardless of whether the UK completely irradiates their carbon emissions, we are still morally obliged to help other countries to go net zero too. We can do that by responsibly trading with those who aren’t actively destroying the environment.

There must be a distribution of wealth and a fair approach that allows poorer nations to continue to grow sustainably, whilst stemming capitalism at a healthier level.

Wealthier nations committed to giving £720m a year to reach $100 billion by 2020, which was designed to help poorer countries tackle climate change and make reductions to their own emissions.

COP26 should give more indication about what more will be pledged.

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Our own future is still reliant on the worst five contributors making enormous reductions. So how are they doing?

  • President Joe Biden agreed in Aprils 2021 Earth Day Summit that Americas emissions would be halved by the end of the decade. The sceptics among us know that he’s simply making up for lost time, since Trumps removal of the US from the Paris agreement. Biden has also agreed to double investment in helping other countries to reduce their emissions.

  • China have agreed to peak emissions before 2030 and be at net zero by 2060. It remains to be seen exactly when they intend to do that. They are such an important role model for all other developing countries but Chinas COP26 announcements are key to the entire plan.

  • Japan have also upped their game, with a new intention set at the 2021 Climate summit that emissions targets lay at a 40% cut from 2013 levels (up from 26%). With increased solar investment things look hopeful, but Japan also must detach from their reliance on coal and fossil fuels to achieve targets.

  • India is the third largest carbon emitter worldwide and maintains that it’s on track to go beyond its Paris climate agreement pledge. This was to reduce its carbon footprint by 33-35% from 2005 levels by 2030. It remains to be seen if they will increase targets again at the 2021 COP26 or when they intend to be net zero by.

  • Russia is on board with the 2015 Paris agreement, with President Putin ordering his government to cut emissions by 30% by 2030 (below 1990 levels). With much to lose if the permafrost in their most northern cities melts, Russia is currently warming 2.5 times quicker than the global average. With huge oil reserves they still intend on using, it will be a challenging time for Russia to move more urgently towards new goals.

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We can only assume that the future may have to be governed by richer countries refusing to trade with those refusing to budge on environmental policies.

The fact is, whilst governments continue to debate, argue, disguise the real statistics with clever offsetting and try to pass the buck, the looming truth is inescapable.

Every person on the planet has a responsibility to leave this world in a better condition than which we found it.

WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR EVERYDAY PEOPLE?

Some new laws regarding pollution and emissions have been set in place, which ensure countries are held accountable for failure to move rapidly towards the net zero future we need.

This will invariably be passed down to the public, who will be given incentives or financial punishments alike for making changes to the way they heat homes, travel and consume.

RENEWABLE ENERGY IN HOMES

Of course, for domestic renewable energy the UK government are extremely keen to convert the energy inefficient housing stock, but in order to do so, we need more engineers. Currently, the renewables industry is facing a mass shortage of qualified installers, thanks to lack of proper investment in the past.

However, new build homes will be committed to adhering to the Future Homes Standard, which ensures every home is as efficient as possible. On the other hand is the enormous challenge of converting 600 thousand homes.

Insulation, low carbon heating and the complete phase out of gas boilers means homeowners can dramatically decrease their personal carbon footprint as well as their energy bills.

For existing homes, the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) is the government initiative that’s been put in place to lure people over to technologies like air source heat pumps, ground source heat pumps and biomass boilers.

The scheme allows people to claim back money over period of time for generating clean energy in their home.

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ENERGY SUPPLY IN THE UK

The national grid source is already transitioning to renewable energy, using offshore wind farm and larger solar farms. Many other industries will follow suit, such as transport, building, manufacturing and medical.

Gas is becoming more expensive and will continue to do so, adding more incentive and pressure on homeowners to make the switch to renewables.

Read more about rising gas bills

Cars & Transport

For the humble car, a complete ban on new petrol and diesel vehicles cars from 2030, clearly shows that the UK government intend to make it increasingly difficult to continue as before.

Charging points, increased battery range, battery disposal and more rapid charge times are all challenges for the next generation of personal transport.

It’s already known that we simply don’t have enough tin for everyone to have a personal electric vehicle (E.V), so it’s likely that the future will consist of automated vehicles too. The important thing is to lay clear expectations. Fossil fuels have to go.

But truth be told, governments can’t do it alone.

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To really impact on emissions coming from cars, homes and travel, the onus is on the private sector. Sectors like agriculture and fashion are privately owned and also the biggest emitters.

So that means that it’s down to consumers to consciously vote with their wallets and their actions too.

Banking ethically and reducing our consumption of things like fast fashion, binge flying, industrially produced meat and diesel cars, means that it’s we, the people, who truly have the power.

Where demand is, business follows.

The latest IPCC report shows that we really have run out of time. We now know we have until 2030 to half our global emissions. That puts a very clear deadline and time pressure on individuals, companies and nationally determined contributions efforts.

We need ambitious, nationally determined action. We need world leaders to create a plan to benefit all, not just any one country.

Being sustainable is a choice we can all make. Reducing, recycling, reusing, repurposing and repairing are all easy and affordable ways to improve your own contribution.

Taking care to choose wisely is to live by the excellent quote

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“Every time you spend money, you’re casting a vote for the type of world you want to live

What Is Renewable Energy?

The future of the renewable energy market in Asia Renewable energy is energy that has been derived from earth’s natural resources that are not finite or exhaustible, such as wind and sunlight. Renewable energy is an alternative to the traditional energy that relies on fossil fuels, and it tends to be much  less harmful to the environment.

7 Types of Renewable Energy

Solar

Solar energy is derived by capturing radiant energy from sunlight and converting it into heat, electricity, or hot water. Photovoltaic (PV) systems can convert direct sunlight into electricity through the use of solar cells.

Benefits

One of the benefits of solar energy is that sunlight is functionally endless. With the technology to harvest it, there is a limitless supply of solar energy, meaning it could render fossil fuels obsolete. Relying on solar energy rather than fossil fuels also helps us improve public health and environmental conditions. In the long term, solar energy could also eliminate energy costs, and in the short term, reduce your energy bills. Many federal local, state, and federal governments also incentivize the investment in solar energy by providing rebates or tax credits.

Current Limitations

Although solar energy will save you money in the long run, it tends to be a significant upfront cost and is an unrealistic expenses for most households. For personal homes, homeowners also need to have the ample sunlight and space to arrange their solar panels, which limits who can realistically adopt this technology at the individual level.

Wind

Wind farms capture the energy of wind flow by using turbines and converting it into electricity. There are several forms of systems used to convert wind energy and each vary. Commercial grade wind-powered generating systems can power many different organizations, while single-wind turbines are used to help supplement pre-existing energy organizations. Another form is utility-scale wind farms, which are purchased by contract or wholesale. Technically, wind energy is a form of solar energy. The phenomenon we call “wind” is caused by the differences in temperature in the atmosphere combined with the rotation of Earth and the geography of the planet. [1] source

Benefits

Wind energy is a clean energy source, which means that it doesn’t pollute the air like other forms of energy. Wind energy doesn’t produce carbon dioxide, or release any harmful products that can cause environmental degradation or negatively affect human health like smog, acid rain, or other heat-trapping gases.[2] Investment in wind energy technology can also open up new avenues for jobs and job training, as the turbines on farms need to be serviced and maintained to keep running. Take the next step by selecting the best energy plan for your home! justenergy.com/

Current Limitations

Since wind farms tend to be built in rural or remote areas, they are usually far from bustling cities where the electricity is needed most. Wind energy must be transported via transition lines, leading to higher costs. Although wind turbines produce very little pollution, some cities oppose them since they dominate skylines and generate noise. Wind turbines also threaten local wildlife like birds, which are sometimes killed by striking the arms of the turbine while flying.

Hydroelectric

Dams are what people most associate when it comes to hydroelectric power. Water flows through the dam’s turbines to produce electricity, known as pumped-storage hydropower. Run-of-river hydropower uses a channel to funnel water through rather than powering it through a dam.

Benefits

Hydroelectric power is very versatile and can be generated using both large scale projects, like the Hoover Dam, and small scale projects like underwater turbines and lower dams on small rivers and streams. Hydroelectric power does not generate pollution, and therefore is a much more environmentally-friendly energy option for our environment.

Current Limitations

Most U.S. hydroelectricity facilities use more energy than they are able to produce for consumption. The storage systems may need to use fossil fuel to pump water.[3]  Although hydroelectric power does not pollute the air, it disrupts waterways and negatively affects the animals that live in them, changing water levels, currents, and migration paths for many fish and other freshwater ecosystems.

Geothermal

Geothermal heat is heat that is trapped beneath the earth’s crust from the formation of the Earth 4.5 billion years ago and from radioactive decay. Sometimes large amounts of this heat escapes naturally, but all at once, resulting in familiar occurrences, such as volcanic eruptions and geysers. This heat can be captured and used to produce geothermal energy by using steam that comes from the heated water pumping below the surface, which then rises to the top and can be used to operate a turbine.

Benefits

Geothermal energy is not as common as other types of renewable energy sources, but it has a significant potential for energy supply. Since it can be built underground, it leaves very little footprint on land. Geothermal energy is naturally replenished and therefore does not run a risk of depleting (on a human timescale).

Current Limitations

Cost plays a major factor when it comes to disadvantages of geothermal energy. Not only is it costly to build the infrastructure, but another major concern is its vulnerability to earthquakes in certain regions of the world.

Ocean

The ocean can produce two types of energy: thermal and mechanical. Ocean thermal energy relies on warm water surface temperatures to generate energy through a variety of different systems. Ocean mechanical energy uses the ebbs and flows of the tides to generate energy, which is created by the earth’s rotation and gravity from the moon.

Benefits

Unlike other forms of renewable energy, wave energy is predictable and it’s easy to estimate the amount of energy that will be produced. Instead of relying on varying factors, such as sun and wind, wave energy is much more consistent. This type of renewable energy is also abundant, the most populated cities tend to be near oceans and harbors, making it easier to harness this energy for the local population. The potential of wave energy is an astounding as yet untapped energy resource with an estimated ability to produce 2640 TWh/yr. Just 1 TWh/yr of energy can power around 93,850 average U.S. homes with power annually, or about twice than the number of homes that currently exist in the U.S. at present.[4]

Current Limitations

Those who live near the ocean definitely benefit from wave energy, but those who live in landlocked states won’t have ready access to this energy. Another disadvantage to ocean energy is that it can disturb the ocean’s many delicate ecosystems. Although it is a very clean source of energy, large machinery needs to be built nearby to help capture this form energy, which can cause disruptions to the ocean floor and the sea life that habitats it. Another factor to consider is weather, when rough weather occurs it changes the consistency of the waves, thus producing lower energy output when compared to normal waves without stormy weather.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen needs to be combined with other elements, such as oxygen to make water as it does not occur naturally as a gas on its own. When hydrogen is separated from another element it can be used for both fuel and electricity.

Benefits

Hydrogen can be used as a clean burning fuel, which leads to less pollution and a cleaner environment. It can also be used for fuel cells which are similar to batteries and can be used for powering an electric motor.

Current Limitations

Since hydrogen needs energy to be produced, it is inefficient when it comes to preventing pollution.

Biomass

Bioenergy is a renewable energy derived from biomass. Biomass is organic matter that comes from recently living plants and organisms. Using wood in your fireplace is an example of biomass that most people are familiar with. There are various methods used to generate energy through the use of biomass. This can be done by burning biomass, or harnessing methane gas which is produced by the natural decomposition of organic materials in ponds or even landfills.

Benefits

The use of biomass in energy production creates carbon dioxide that is put into the air, but the regeneration of plants consumes the same amount of carbon dioxide, which is said to create a balanced atmosphere. Biomass can be used in a number of different ways in our daily lives, not only for personal use, but businesses as well. In 2017, energy from biomass made up about 5% of the total energy used in the U.S. This energy came from wood, biofuels like ethanol, and  energy generated from methane captured from landfills or by burning municipal waste. (5)

Current Limitations

Although new plants need carbon dioxide to grow, plants take time to grow. We also don’t yet have widespread technology that can use biomass in lieu of fossil fuels.

source

Renewable Energy: What Can You Do?

Look To The Past: The Future Of Renewable Energy As a consumer you have several opportunities to make an impact on improving the environment through the choice of a greener energy solution. If you’re a homeowner, you have the option of installing solar panels in your home. Solar panels not only reduce your energy costs, but help improve your standard of living with a safer, more eco-friendlier energy choice that doesn’t depend on resources that harm the environment. There are also alternatives for a greener way of life offered by your electric companies. Just Energy allows consumers to choose green energy options that help you reduce your footprint with energy offsets. Add our service to your electricity or natural gas plan to lower your impact today!
What would a more sustainable world powered by renewable energy look like? We have a better sense, thanks to a special collection of research from experts from around the globe. Collated by Stanford University, a collection of 47 peer-reviewed research papers by 91 authors analysed different scenarios to examine whether individual countries or entire regions could get by solely relying on renewables.

Have you read?

The papers look at a range of different situations and geographies, including small island states, major powers and countries in sub-Saharan Africa. In each case, they found energy for electricity, transport, building heating or cooling, and industry can be supplied reliably with 100% — or near-100% — renewable energy, at different locations around the world. Renewable world One study in the collection looked at global warming, air pollution and energy insecurity, creating Green New Deal roadmaps for 143 countries to overcome these problems.
The roadmaps call for these countries, which are collectively responsible for 99.7% of global CO2 emissions, to switch to 100% clean, renewable wind, water and solar power no later than 2050, with at least 80% renewables by 2030. The study divides all the planet’s countries into 24 regions which can work together on grid stability and energy storage solutions, so energy demand matches supply between 2050 to 2052. After that, it’s possible to power the planet entirely by sustainable energy. Switching to wind, water and solar worldwide could eliminate 4 to 7 million deaths from air pollution annually, while first slowing and then reversing the effects of global warming and, in doing so, stabilizing the global energy sector.
Building a North American super grid A study by researchers in Finland looked at the feasibility of building a renewables super grid connecting the regions of North America, including the US, Canada and Mexico. Dividing the regions into 20 interconnected sub-regions, based on population, energy demand, area and electricity grid structure, could significantly reduce storage requirements and overall cost of the energy system, they found. While replacing fossil fuels with main wind and solar power is entirely possible by 2030, such a dramatic transformation couldn’t be achieved in the short-term without the full support of policymakers, investors and many other relevant organizations.
Solar panels are pictured in the Nevada Desert as U.S. President Barack Obama visited the Copper Mountain Solar Project in Boulder City, Nevada, March 21, 2012. Obama is traveling to Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Ohio for events on his energy initiative. REUTERS/Jason Reed environment renewable solar energy change transition friendly environment carbon footprint carbon emissions reduction change natural climate change global warming air pollution clean energy power renewables plastic plastics Weather extreme storm hurricane typhoon flooding flood floods danger rain wind windy rainy flash floods
Wind, solar and hydro power could replace fossil fuels by 2050.
Image: REUTERS/Jason Reed
Moving away from oil
Saudi Arabia can transition to a 100% renewable energy system by 2040, according to another Finnish study. While the country is known for its oil deposits, it is also rich in another energy source: sunshine to power solar energy. By 2050, solar power could account for 79% of the country’s energy demand, supported by enhanced battery and water storage solutions to lower energy system costs. This study emphasizes the central role that energy storage will play in the transition to a sustainable energy landscape, to overcome the intermittent nature of solar and wind resources and provide power when there is no wind or sunshine.
Projected electricity generation worldwide to 2050
environment renewable solar energy change transition friendly environment carbon footprint carbon emissions reduction change natural climate change global warming air pollution clean energy power renewables plastic plastics Weather extreme storm hurricane typhoon flooding flood floods danger rain wind windy rainy flash floods
Energy generation could reach more than 21 trillion kilowatt hours by 2050
Image: Statista
A greener future?
To be sure, challenges exist and the targets are ambitious. Still, the reports all conclude that the technology exists for the world to transition to a fully sustainable energy system by 2050, which should keep the planet below the 1.5° Paris global warming target. Mitigating the impact of climate change means fewer floods, storms, droughts and other extremes caused by warming temperatures. It could also mean less pollution. Nine out of every 10 people on the planet breathe polluted air, according to the World Health Organization, which can lead to respiratory diseases, heart conditions, strokes and other life-threatening diseases. Pollution, largely from burning fossil fuels, kills up to seven million people annually, with low and middle-income countries carrying the highest burden. This includes exposure to toxic fumes from using wood, coal or dung as the primary cooking fuel.
A future powered by wind, solar and other sustainable energy sources, could also reduce energy bills. The costs of producing wind and solar have plummeted in recent years and renewables remain on course to outprice fossil fuels in the future.
This future could be attainable, the researchers stress, provide urgent action is taken by a range of stakeholders, including policymakers, business leaders, and other stakeholders. Through collaboration, the world can speed its transition to sustainable energy and a sustainable future.
Renewable Energy Definition and Types of Renewable Energy Sources | NRDC As analysts and observers of the transition to a lower-carbon and workable energy economy, we don’t normally write about films. But we’re venturing into the realm of cultural commentary in light of the recent release of Planet of the Humans, produced by Michael Moore. Throughout Moore’s career, he has used documentary films to illuminate social and economic issues in many domains. Sadly, his newest film includes so many misconceptions and so much dated information that we feel compelled to clarify the facts about renewable energy. We understand the ultimate message of the film: that societies around the world need to make fundamental changes in their consumption patterns. But in a misguided approach to making that point, the filmmakers discredit the value of clean energy technologies and the people that seek to advance their deployment. Over the last decade, the clean energy industry has changed tremendously. Costs have fallen dramatically, technologies have become more efficient and solutions for integrating renewables into electric grids have advanced. Here are the facts:

1. Renewables replace fossil fuel energy on the grid.

In the U.S. and in virtually every region, when electricity supplied by wind or solar energy is available, it displaces energy produced by natural gas or coal-fired generators. The type of energy displaced by renewables depends on the hour of the day and the mix of generation on the grid at that time. Countless studies  have found that because output from wind and solar replaces fossil generation, renewables also reduce CO2 emissions. For example, an NREL study found that generating 35% of electricity using wind and solar in the western U.S. would reduce CO2 emissions by 25-45%. Solar and wind farms have dominated new power plant builds in the U.S. in recent years, while fossil fuel plants—particularly coal-fired plants—continue to be retired at record pace. In 2019, wind (9.1GW) and solar (5.3GW) represented 62% of all new generating capacity, compared to 8.3GW of natural gas, while 14GW of coal-fired capacity was retired. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) has also projected that most new electric generation added in the U.S. in 2020 could come from wind and solar, with new natural gas plants projected to represent less than a quarter of new generating capacity. Certainly, some of these installations may be delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic. While natural gas builds exceeded those of renewables in 2018, reversing the earlier trend of renewables leading, there were 12.9GW of coal-fired capacity and 4.6GW of gas-fired capacity retired in that same year, according to EIA.  
  Source data: EIA, Tables 4.2.A and 4.2.B, Existing Net Summer Capacity by Energy Source and Producer Type (https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_04_02_a.htmlhttps://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_04_02_b.html)

2. Clean energy has created millions of jobs – and can create more.

At the start of 2020, the clean energy sector employed about 3.4 million workers in the U.S., with much of the workforce concentrated in the energy efficiency industry. In 2019, clean energy jobs outnumbered jobs in the fossil fuel sector 3 to 1; across 42 states and the District of Columbia, the clean energy workforce was larger than that of the fossil fuel industry. The quality of these jobs is also important. According to research by the Brookings Institute, clean energy workers earn higher and more equitable wages when compared to workers nationally, with mean hourly wages exceeding the national average by 8 to 19%. Clean energy jobs are only expected to continue growing — notwithstanding the hit to the sector as a result of COVID-19. Through 2028, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics forecasts that the two fastest-growing jobs in the United States will be solar installers (projected to grow by 105%) and wind technicians (projected to grow by 96%). Under the International Renewable Energy Agency’s “Transforming Energy Scenario,” the number of renewable energy jobs worldwide could more than triple, reaching 42 million jobs by 2050, while energy-efficiency jobs would grow six-fold, employing over 21 million more people. By contrast, the fossil fuel industry is expected to lose over 6 million jobs over the same time period, even without the impact of the virus.

3. Wind and solar plants can be built with minimal environmental impacts, and often with co-benefits.

All power plants, including renewables, result in some environmental impacts during siting, development and operation. Over the past two decades, siting practices for U.S. wind projects have become more sophisticated and effective at minimizing impacts. As a result, wind projects have fewer impacts than other types of projects, falling near the bottom on lists of developments that can have negative effects on the environment and wildlife, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. What’s more, these projects often provide co-benefits. Wind farms sited in rural areas benefit farmers and ranchers by providing annual revenues from $4,000 and $8,000 per turbine, while allowing landowners to continue to use the sites for agriculture or grazing. Additionally, wind farm owners pay county property taxes that support schools, recreation centers and other county activities. Solar siting practices require environmental investigations to identify and minimize negative impacts. Plans can be developed that provide additional benefits such as protecting wildlife, improving soil health and water retention, nurturing native vegetation, or incorporating pollinator-friendly plants. Additional benefits can include lease income to farmers and county or city tax revenues. Payments to landowners vary widely across the U.S. and can range from $300-1,000 per acre. And operating these plants, of course, requires no fuel-delivery infrastructure like gas pipelines, propane trucks, coal barges and railroads, all of which produce their own negative environmental impacts.

4. Solar and wind now provide the cheapest power for 67% of the world.

The costs associated with solar and wind have fallen dramatically in recent years. According to BNEF, the cost of energy globally for onshore wind and utility-scale solar is now $44 and $50/MWh (on a levelized basis), compared to $100 and $300/MWh only a decade ago. In the U.S., the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) associated with onshore wind ($24-46/MWh) and utility-scale solar ($31-111/MWh) is now less than that of almost all gas-fired power production. Battery storage, which is crucial to address the variability of wind and solar power, has seen the swiftest global price drop among all technologies, from nearly $600/MWh in 2015 to about $150/MWh in the first half of 2020.  
  This precipitous drop in the cost of utility-scale solar and onshore wind has made them the cheapest sources of power in two-thirds of the world. Today, solar projects in Chile, the Middle East and China, or wind projects in Brazil, the U.S. and India, are approaching figures lower than $30/MWh, lower than the costs of building and producing power from plants that use coal or even the cheapest gas. By 2030, upcoming innovations are likely to reduce costs even further.  
 

5. Although wind and solar cannot produce energy every hour of the day, the energy they generate can be managed on the grid.

Wind farms produce electricity when it’s windy and solar farms produce power when there’s sun, leading to variability in the supply of energy. However, this can be — and is being — managed by utilities and grid operators through operational practices, forecasting, responsive loads and infrastructure such as storage and transmission. Electricity grids are designed to address variability in customers’ electricity demand, maintain continuous balance between generation and demand and maintain reserves for any type of outage on the system (e.g., power plant failure), so they are already designed to manage variability. However, grids need to be modified to be more flexible over time, to integrate larger amounts of wind and solar and address the additional variability that comes with heavier reliance on renewables. Increased investments in storage and transmission, as well as market reforms, can help. Around the world, grid operators are managing larger amounts of wind and solar every year. In 2018, operators in California, the Southwest, and Texas used wind and solar for nearly 20% or more of their energy on an annual average basis, and in excess of 50-60% on an hourly basis. In Europe, several countries have managed even higher hourly penetrations of wind and solar, including Denmark (139%), Germany (89%) and Ireland (88%).

6. Battery storage is economically viable to address the variability of wind and solar and can help reduce emissions.

While most energy storage currently comes from pumped hydro storage facilities, the use of battery energy storage is growing rapidly, because of its increasingly cost competitiveness. Lithium-ion energy storage systems have seen dramatic price declines — as much as 85% between 2010 and 2018.  Batteries are efficient carriers of energy, with round-trip efficiencies of 85-90%. If they are charged by renewable energy sources, they have no added GHG emissions. Batteries can provide a variety of services to the grid, including smoothing the variability of wind and solar. Storage can provide the necessary back-up or standby power that the film implies must come from standby gas or coal-fired generators. Using batteries to replace fossil fuel backup will mean higher levels of wind and solar on the grid, less need for gas and coal and fewer emissions. Batteries with four-hour discharges can’t solve all power-system requirements, of course.  More work is needed — and is underway — on long-duration storage options as part of the suite of tools needed for a reliable, affordable, low-carbon power system.

7. Wind and solar projects can operate for decades and can be developed more rapidly than other generation sources.

All power plants and their components have a “useful life” before they need replacement or repair. The useful lifespan of renewable facilities can exceed two decades. Wind turbines, for example, are estimated to last for about 20 years, and photovoltaic systems often remain operational from 25 to 40 years. In some instances, as large wind turbines become more efficient and economic, equipment turnover has been accelerated. In these cases, smaller turbines have been replaced earlier than they might otherwise have been by larger, more efficient turbines, to substantially increase electricity production at existing sites. Furthermore, renewable energy facilities can typically be deployed more rapidly than fossil fuel plants. While solar and onshore wind farms normally take less than two years to build, gas-fired power plants usually take as many as four years to become operational, and can also require construction of gas pipeline infrastructure.

8. Renewables generate more energy than is used in their production, and produce fewer emissions than other power sources over their lifetime.

While all sources of electricity result in some GHG emissions over their lifetime, renewable energy sources have substantially fewer emissions than fossil fuel-fired power plants. One study estimates that renewable energy sources typically emit about 50g or less of CO2 emissions per kWh over their lifetime, compared to about 1000 g CO2/kWh for coal and 475 g CO2/kWh for natural gas. Most of the lifecycle emissions from fossil generators occur from fuel combustion, but also come from raw materials extraction, construction, fuel processing, plant operation and decommissioning of facilities. While the manufacture of solar panels requires substantial amounts of energy, studies have found that they offset the energy consumed in production within about two years of operation, depending on the module type. Both crystalline silicon and thin-film solar panels contain toxic materials such as lead, silver and cadmium; therefore, efforts need to be accelerated to address proper disposal practices and module recycling, such as is done in Europe and by First Solar in the U.S., to appropriately capture and reuse these materials.

9. Electric vehicles reduce emissions substantially.

Electrification of passenger vehicles has quickened in recent years, with more than 1 million electric vehicles (EVs) now operating in the United States. Several studies suggest that number could grow to 20 million EVs by 2030, with over 4 million EVs in California alone. EVs offer substantial emissions benefits — and associated health benefits — because they are two to three times more efficient than conventional internal combustion vehicles and have no tailpipe emissions. However, they do release GHG emissions during the fuel production, vehicle manufacturing and vehicle use stage. Studies find that approximately 50% of all EV battery lifecycle emissions come from the electricity used in the battery manufacturing and assembly facilities. Further, an EV’s net carbon footprint depends on the electricity used to charge it. Across the country, many cities and corporations are converting their vehicle fleets to EVs and have made commitments to use 100% renewable electricity to meet the electricity demand. But, as we point out in a recent WRI report, new solutions are still needed to enable customers to charge their EVs with renewables more easily. Potential reductions in an EV’s overall lifecycle emissions could also be achieved by manufacturing EV batteries in facilities powered by renewable energy.

10. Private sector investment in clean energy is critical to lowering GHG emissions.

Aligning financial risk and reward with low-carbon energy investments is critical for shifting the economy in the direction of lower GHG emissions. Without substantial private sector investment in clean energy, it will be more difficult, more costly and more time-consuming to address climate change. Unlike in many other countries where energy providers, including in the electric sector, are publicly owned enterprises, most ownership and investment of electric infrastructure in the United States comes from the private sector. Shifting private investment toward renewables and other zero-carbon energy resources makes good sense and can be a safer investment. Renewable energy is not perfect. No form of energy is. But people the world over need electricity, and pursuing clean energy sources is far better than continuing down the path of polluting fossil fuels. Renewable energy is an essential, although not exclusive, part of what is needed to address the urgent and important global challenge of climate change.
All energy sources have some impact on our environment. Fossil fuels—coal, oil, and natural gas—do substantially more harm than renewable energy sources by most measures, including air and water pollution, damage to public health, wildlife and habitat loss, water use, land use, and global warming emissions. However, renewable sources such as wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and hydropower also have environmental impacts, some of which are significant. The exact type and intensity of environmental impacts varies depending on the specific technology used, the geographic location, and a number of other factors. By understanding the current and potential environmental issues associated with each renewable energy source, we can takes steps to effectively avoid or minimize these impacts as they become a larger portion of our electric supply.

Wind power

Harnessing power from the wind is one of the cleanest and most sustainable ways to generate electricity as it produces no toxic pollution or global warming emissions. Wind is also abundant, inexhaustible, and affordable, which makes it a viable and large-scale alternative to fossil fuels. Despite its vast potential, there are a variety of environmental impacts associated with wind power generation that should be recognized and mitigated. They include land use issues and challenges to wildlife and habitat.

Solar power

Like wind power, the sun provides a tremendous resource for generating clean and sustainable electricity. The environmental impacts associated with solar power can include land use and habitat loss, water use, and the use of hazardous materials in manufacturing, though the types of impacts vary greatly depending on the scale of the system and the technology used—photovoltaic (PV) solar cells or concentrating solar thermal plants (CSP).

Geothermal energy

The most widely developed type of geothermal power plant (known as hydrothermal plants) are located near geologic “hot spots” where hot molten rock is close to the earth’s crust and produces hot water. In other regions enhanced geothermal systems (or hot dry rock geothermal), which involve drilling into the earth’s surface to reach deeper geothermal resources, can allow broader access to geothermal energy. Geothermal plants also differ in terms of the technology they use to convert the resource to electricity (direct steam, flash, or binary) and the type of cooling technology they use (water-cooled and air-cooled). Environmental impacts differ depending on the conversion and cooling technology used.

Biomass for electricity

Biomass power plants share some similarities with fossil fuel power plants: both involve the combustion of a feedstock to generate electricity. Thus, biomass plants raise similar, but not identical, concerns about air emissions and water use as fossil fuel plants. However, the feedstock of biomass plants can be sustainable produced, while fossil fuels are non-renewable. Sources of biomass resources for producing electricity are diverse, ranging from energy crops (like switchgrass), to agricultural waste, manure, forest products and waste, and urban waste. Both the type of feedstock and the manner in which it is developed and harvested significantly affect land use and life-cycle global warming emissions impacts of producing power from biomass.

Hydroelectric power

Hydroelectric power includes both massive hydroelectric dams and small run-of-the-river plants. Large-scale hydroelectric dams continue to be built in many parts of the world (including China and Brazil), but it is unlikely that new facilities will be added to the existing US fleet in the future. Instead, the future of hydroelectric power in the United States will likely involve increased capacity at current dams and new run-of-the-river projects. There are environmental impacts at both types of plants.

Hydrokinetic energy

Hydrokinetic energy, which includes wave and tidal power, encompasses an array of energy technologies, many of which still in the experimental stages or in the early stages of deployment. While actual impacts of large-scale operations have not been observed, a range of potential impacts can be projected.
Despite these environmental impacts, renewable energy technologies compare extremely favorably to fossil fuels, and remain a core part of the solution to climate change.
Editor’s note: This article has been cross-posted from WhiteHouse.gov. As part of President Obama’s initiative to make America a magnet for jobs by building a 21st century infrastructure, today he signed a Presidential Memorandum that will speed the modernization of the nation’s electric grid. This will help make electricity more reliable, save consumers money on their energy bills, and support homegrown American clean energy jobs and industries by making renewable energy easier to access across the country. Transmission projects often cover hundreds of miles and involve multiple federal, tribal, state and local jurisdictions with diverse interests and responsibilities. Collaborating early to minimize duplication and delays is vital to getting critical projects to construction to better serve American homes and businesses. Today’s Presidential Memorandum directs federal agencies to create an integrated pre-application process across the federal government to help identify and address issues before the formal permit application process begins, and streamline the coordination of permitting processes across the federal, state, and tribal governments. The memorandum also directs agencies to identify and improve the use of energy corridors on federal lands that are most suitable for siting electric transmission projects, to help expedite permitting while improving environmental and community outcomes. These energy corridors are designed to reduce regulatory conflicts, minimize negative impacts on natural and cultural resources and address concerns of local communities, decreasing the potential for permitting delays. For these corridors, agencies will work together to integrate new and innovative ways to avoid, minimize and mitigate the impact on environmental and cultural resources. The memorandum also prioritizes meaningful engagement with stakeholders and the public to arrive at the best quality projects with the least conflicts and most support. These steps build on the best practices identified by the Administration’s interagency Rapid Response Team for Transmission, which since 2011 has brought together federal agencies to identify ways to improve efficiencies and coordination in the permitting and review processes for transmission projects. Upgrading our nation’s electric transmission grid is critical to advancing the President’s all-of-the-above energy strategy to build an economy fueled by homegrown and clean energy sources produced by American workers. With the help of the Administration’s unprecedented investments in clean energy, we have already met the bold goal the President laid out in 2008 to double renewable energy generation in this country. Improving our electrical transmission grid will make electricity more reliable, save consumers money, improve U.S. competitiveness and move us a step closer to achieving the President’s goal of doubling domestic renewable electricity again by 2020.
DECIDE’s main goal is to contribute to a better understanding of the social science, regulation, and business cases that drive the creation and expansion of Energy Communities and Collective Actions and uses the gained knowledge and lessons learned to encourage the implementation of such initiatives across the European Union. Within the project, we are preparing an online platform, the Knowledge Hub, where anyone interested in such initiatives can share and find information, and a Coffee shop, a platform for DECIDE Pilots, Replicants, and Followers, where they can engage in sharing and learning from project partners and each other. These platforms will be accessible through the DECIDE website by September 2021. Uptake of Energy Communities and Collective Actions can accelerate the energy transition and increase the use of energy services, measures, and products that contribute to a financially optimal, decentralized, and sustainable energy system.
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What are energy communities and collective actions?

An Energy Community is a type of collective energy action. Therefore Collective actions include energy communities, energy cooperatives, collective generation and trading of electricity, generation-consumption communities, collective (residential and industrial) self-consumption, financial aggregation and investment, collective supply and use of energy services, cooperative financing of energy efficiency, etc. Within the DECIDE project, our aim is to focus on collective actions that benefit the local community, citizens, or its members. Energy Communities are a subset of collective actions that have open democratic participation and governance and provide benefits to their members or the local community. Benefits can be social, environmental, or economic, though the latter should not be the driver. Participation is open to a wide group of stakeholders, citizens, local governments, public entities, and companies, but decision making can be limited to avoid that large entities active in the sector monopolize the initiative. Two EU directives define two types of Energy Communities: the Renewable Energy Community (REDII) and the Citizen Energy Community (EMD). Transposition of these directives is in process across the different Member States. To learn more about energy communities, have a look at our Smart Cities Marketplace solution booklet or listen to Leen Peeters and Andreas Tuerk discuss this topic in a recording of an interactive workshop from June 2020[4].
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What is a Replicant and why should I become one?

A DECIDE Replicant is an existing Energy Community (EC) or Collective Action (CA) coming from a European or H2020-associated country that participates in the DECIDE project but is not one of the 7 starting pilot ECs and CAs. DECIDE Replicants get the opportunity to, among others: ⚙️ Interact and collaborate with their peers in DECIDE project partners, seven existing DECIDE pilots and the rest of the community interested in ECs and CAs through the online platforms DECIDE Coffee Shop and Knowledge Hub; 🗣 Receive dedicated and tailored advice from the DECIDE partners with application and uptake of the lessons learned from the other pilots and Replicants; 👋🏻 Participate in capacity building workshops and webinars aimed at awareness-raising on best practices for user engagement, regulatory framework, and business models; 🇪🇺 Gain EU-wide visibility of their activities and initiatives, through the DECIDE website, the network of EU-wide projects and initiatives, and the participation of DECIDE in EU conferences and events. As DECIDE Replicant you will help broaden the scope of activities and experiences from a social, regulatory, and business perspective, and help build a more comprehensive knowledge base for further uptake of Energy Communities and other Collective Actions across the EU.
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What can I replicate?

Our best practices are based on the experience of energy communities and collective actions from 7 pilots (in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Estonia, and Greece). We want to help you apply the lessons learned, grow your energy community / collective action, and create examples that can be further replicated as well. Meet our pilots: OurPower is an emerging energy cooperative in Austria operating a peer-to-peer marketplace for RES electricity generated by its members. It promotes collective financing, citizen engagement, and addresses two different customer segments: private homeowners with solar PV, and communities of citizens financing solar, wind, and biomass projects. ThermoVault offers a software and hardware solution for electric energy services of residential thermal appliances, unlocking cost-effective energy storage and allowing for the integration of more renewables through aggregation. Its retrofit solution for existing water and space heaters results in direct energy savings for residential customers. The pilots selected here include communities of social housing apartment buildings. ENBRO provides energy brokerage, guidance, advice, development, and structuring of solutions that reduce the energy bill to residential, commercial, industrial, and public consumers through a better balance between production and consumption. The pilot sites in 4 cities include mostly social housing, but the services are open to all residential clients, public as well as commercial buildings. TREA is an energy agency located in Tartu, Estonia, providing services to citizens, SMEs, and municipalities. The pilot area is connected to district heating and comprises a range of residential buildings needing renovation. A cooperative approach has been designed for energy that is scalable towards the whole district with similar housing blocks and replicable to several Eastern European countries with similar districts. In Hindelang, the cooperative EWH was founded in the 1920s by citizens for their village’s electricity supply, now counting 330 members (including SMEs and the municipality). EWH puts a strong emphasis on local sustainable energy production (close to 100% RES), organizes energy supply to ca. 5.000 inhabitants, and operates the grid. Now they strive for more efficiency, to use excess electricity for heat pumps and electric vehicles. HERON is the largest independent electricity retailer, and a rapidly developing natural gas supplier in Greece, owning a customer portfolio consisting of more than 150 000 subscribers. The target for the DECIDE pilot includes 200 electricity consumers with real-time power meters for consumption and 15 electricity prosumers with real-time power meters for consumption and production from local RES (net metering). Domo offers a unique retrofit solution for the automation of legacy gas-based heating systems. The system brings several advantages to end-consumers, including improved heating efficiency (up to 40%), smart and remote control, improved comfort, and direct participation in flexibility aggregation services. Through DECIDE, 50 residential end consumers of HERON’s portfolio are covered, while exploitation will focus on more to come.
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The DECIDE project’s objective is to create a platform for DECIDE pilots, Replicants, Followers, and any interested stakeholder or citizen to exchange information on best practices for starting, managing, expanding, and replicating an Energy Community or Collective Action across the EU. The aim is to include in the DECIDE project and its network different forms of initiatives, from various member states, and with a focus on different social, regulatory, or technological concepts. In this way, our social, regulatory, and market knowledge will become relevant for even more initiatives across the EU. Therefore we encourage you to apply for our Call for Replicants and to follow DECIDE’s upcoming activities and online platform.

Overview

Local governments can dramatically reduce their carbon footprint by purchasing or directly generating electricity from clean, renewable sources. The most common renewable power technologies include: Local governments can lead by example by generating energy on–site, purchasing green power, or purchasing renewable energy. Using a combination of renewable energy options can help meet local government goals especially in some regions where availability and quality of renewable resources vary. Options for using renewable energy include:

Benefits of Renewable Energy

Environmental and economic benefits of using renewable energy include:

Implementing On-site Renewable Energy Projects

On-site power generation provides local governments with the most direct access to renewable energy. In addition to the overall benefits, on-site projects also provide a hedge against financial risks and improve power quality and supply reliability. However, local governments considering on-site generation may face possible technical, financial, and regulatory challenges. To overcome these challenges, local governments can:

The difference between clean and dirty energy

It’s a sad fact that most of the electricity in the United States is made from dirty, polluting, non-renewable sources such as fossil fuels. In fact, generating electricity is the #1 industrial cause of air pollution in the U.S., creating more CO2 emissions than any other sector and increasing the effects of climate change. Clean energy, on the other hand, is 100% pollution-free. It’s produced using naturally replenished and virtually inexhaustible sources like the sun and wind. Best of all, it can have a positive impact on the effects of climate change. If using natural, renewable energy sources sounds like a better way to get your electricity, then you probably have the same question we had: How can we support using clean energy sources and power our homes and businesses with 100% renewable electricity? That’s why we founded Green Mountain Energy: to use the power of consumer choice to change the way electricity is made. We strive every day to support clean energy and to ensure that homes and businesses have the power to reduce their carbon footprint and help mitigate the effects of climate change by using clean electricity.

How clean energy works:

Life needs a lot of energy, but not all energy is created equally. All electricity that flows into your home comes from the U.S. electric grid, which distributes electricity from different sources. Some of these sources burn fossil fuels and cause pollution, while others generate clean, renewable energy from natural resources like the sun and wind. Once electricity is on the grid, it’s distributed to homes and businesses based on what they need. So how can you make sure that you’re choosing clean, sustainable electricity? You make sure that renewable energy is added to the grid on your behalf. That’s where renewable energy certificates come into play.

Renewable energy certificates

Unfortunately, it’s impossible to direct any specific electron that travels through the electric grid, so buying renewable energy does not mean that the electricity flowing to your home comes directly from wind farms or other clean energy sources. However, it does mean that the electricity being poured into the grid on your behalf comes from pollution-free and renewable sources, rather than dirtier generation sources like coal and oil. Here’s how: We purchase electricity to serve our customers’ minute-by-minute power needs and we ensure that an equal amount of clean energy gets produced through the purchase of renewable energy certificates from national wind or solar sources. Renewable energy certificates (aka renewable energy credits, or RECs) represent the environmental and other non-power attributes of renewable electricity generation and are part of most renewable electricity products. RECs are measured in 1 megawatt-hour (MWh) increments of power generated from renewable sources like wind, solar, hydro and biomass, and can be traded separately from the actual electricity produced by renewable facilities. By purchasing RECs, we ensure that the electricity you buy is generated using renewable resources, reducing the amount of electricity that must be generated from polluting fossil fuel sources. RECs can also offset CO2 emissions associated with your electricity usage. As of 2020, Green Mountain Energy customers alone have offset more than 81.9 billion pounds of CO2. That’s like planting enough trees to cover 25,400 football fields! That’s how electricity plans that include RECs help make a difference for the planet: by supporting the development and operation of more renewable energy resources. The more clean energy that’s added to the grid, the less there is needed from fossil fuels — it’s as simple as that.

Learn the benefits of clean electricity.

We know that generating electricity using clean, renewable resources has environmental benefits, but did you know it has economic benefits, too? Environmental benefits: Economic benefits:

What is a renewable energy source?

A renewable energy source means energy that is sustainable – something that can’t run out, or is endless, like the sun. When you hear the term ‘alternative energy’ it’s usually referring to renewable energy sources too. It means sources of energy that are alternative to the most commonly used non-sustainable sources – like coal.  

What is zero-carbon or low-carbon energy?

Nuclear-generated electricity isn’t renewable but it’s zero-carbon(1), which means its generation emits low levels or almost no CO2, just like renewable energy sources. Nuclear energy has a stable source, which means it’s not dependent on the weather and will play a big part in getting Britain to net zero status. All our tariffs are backed by zero-carbon electricity(1) and if you choose to switch to us, you could play your part now in achieving the net zero target.

The most popular renewable energy sources currently are:

  1. Solar energy
  2. Wind energy
  3. Hydro energy
  4. Tidal energy
  5. Geothermal energy
  6. Biomass energy

How these types of renewable energy work

1) Solar energy

 
Renewable energy - solar panels
Sunlight is one of our planet’s most abundant and freely available energy resources. The amount of solar energy that reaches the earth’s surface in one hour is more than the planet’s total energy requirements for a whole year. Although it sounds like a perfect renewable energy source, the amount of solar energy we can use varies according to the time of day and the season of the year as well as geographical location. In the UK, solar energy is an increasingly popular way to supplement your energy usage. Find out if it’s right for you by reading our guide to solar power.  

2) Wind energy

 
Renewable energy - wind farm
Wind is a plentiful source of clean energy. Wind farms are an increasingly familiar sight in the UK with wind power making an ever-increasing contribution to the National Grid. To harness electricity from wind energy, turbines are used to drive generators which then feed electricity into the National Grid. Although domestic or ‘off-grid’ generation systems are available, not every property is suitable for a domestic wind turbine. Find out more about wind energy on our wind power page.  

3) Hydro energy

 
renewable energy - hydro energy
As a renewable energy resource, hydro power is one of the most commercially developed. By building a dam or barrier, a large reservoir can be used to create a controlled flow of water that will drive a turbine, generating electricity. This energy source can often be more reliable than solar or wind power (especially if it’s tidal rather than river) and also allows electricity to be stored for use when demand reaches a peak. Like wind energy, in certain situations hydro can be more viable as a commercial energy source (dependant on type and compared to other sources of energy) but depending very much on the type of property, it can be used for domestic, ‘off-grid’ generation. Find out more by visiting our hydro power page.  

4) Tidal energy

 
Renewable energy - tidal energy
This is another form of hydro energy that uses twice-daily tidal currents to drive turbine generators. Although tidal flow unlike some other hydro energy sources isn’t constant, it is highly predictable and can therefore compensate for the periods when the tide current is low. Find out more by visiting our marine energy page.  

5) Geothermal energy

By harnessing the natural heat below the earth’s surface, geothermal energy can be used to heat homes directly or to generate electricity. Although it harnesses a power directly below our feet, geothermal energy is of negligible importance in the UK compared to countries such as Iceland, where geothermal heat is much more freely available.  
Renewable energy - geothermal energy

6) Biomass Energy

 
Renewable energy - biomass energy
This is the conversion of solid fuel made from plant materials into electricity. Although fundamentally, biomass involves burning organic materials to produce electricity, and nowadays this is a much cleaner, more energy-efficient process. By converting agricultural, industrial and domestic waste into solid, liquid and gas fuel, biomass generates power at a much lower economic and environmental cost.

What isn’t a renewable energy source?

Fossil fuels are not a renewable source of energy because they are not infinite. Plus, they release carbon dioxide into our atmosphere which contributes to climate change and global warming. Burning wood instead of coal is slightly better but it’s complex. On the one hand, wood is a renewable resource – provided it comes from sustainably managed forests. Wood pellets and compressed briquettes are made from by-products of the wood processing industry and so arguably it’s recycling waste. Compressed biomass fuels produce more energy than logs too. On the other hand, burning wood (whether it be raw timber or processed waste) releases particles into our atmosphere.  

The future of renewable energy

As world population rises, so does the demand for energy in order to power our homes, businesses and communities. Innovation and expansion of renewable sources of energy is key to maintaining a sustainable level of energy and protect our planet from climate change. Renewable energy sources make up 26% of the world’s electricity today, but according to the International Energy Agency (IEA) its share is expected to reach 30% by 2024. “This is a pivotal time for renewable energy,” said the IEA’s executive director, Fatih Birol. In 2020, the UK hit a new amazing renewable energy milestone. On Wednesday 10th June, the country celebrated two months of running purely on renewable energy for the first time ever. This is a great step in the right direction for renewables.(1) In the future, it’s expected that the number of renewable energy sources will continue to increase as we see an increase in demand for power. This will drive down the price of renewables – great for the planet, and great for our wallets.

Renewable energy and your home

The advantages of using renewable energy in a domestic setting are persuasive:
  • Cut your electricity bills: Once you’ve paid for the costs of installing a renewable energy system, you can become less reliant on the National Grid and your energy bills can be reduced.
  • Get paid for the electricity you generate: The UK Government’s Feed-in Tariff pays you for the electricity you generate, even if you use it.
  • Sell electricity back to the grid: If you are generating enough energy to export an excess back into the National Grid, you can receive an additional payment from the Feed-in Tariff scheme.
  • Reduce your carbon footprint: Green, renewable sources of energy don’t release carbon dioxide or other harmful pollutants into the atmosphere. According to the Energy Saving Trust’s Solar panels page, a typical solar PV system could save around 1.5 – 2 tonnes of carbon per year. You can find out more in our solar panels guide.
 

Want to become even more of an expert in renewable energy?

 

Find out everything about EDF Renewables

EDF Renewables is the part of our business that’s entirely dedicated to generating renewable energy through wind farms and battery storage. EDF Renewables.

Wondering about alternative energy?

Wondering what new and innovative ways scientists are looking at in order to reduce our dependence on traditional fossil fuels? Some of these innovations might surprise you: Alternative energy sources you probably haven’t heard of.

Renewable energy facts:

  1. Solar PV could account for 5% of global demand by 2020 and up to 9% by 2030(2)
  2. By the year 2050, our energy needs can be met by 95% renewable energy(2)
  3. Price Waterhouse Cooper predicts that Africa could run on 100% renewable energy by 2050(2)
  4. Over the last four decades, the price of solar PV panels has declined 99%(3)
  5. A US study showed that renewable energy creates three times more jobs than fossil fuels(4)
  6. Investment in renewable energy has surpassed fossil fuel investment. The global renewable energy market is now worth over $250 billion(4)